1. ºñ±³ that/those [´ë¸í»ç]
His dress is that of a gentleman
but his manners are those of a clown.
2. time
at one time : ÇÑ ¶§
at the time ±× ´ç½Ã¿¡
at times : ¶§¶§·Î
at a time Çѹø¿¡
at once : Áï½Ã
3. out of
out : out of reach
of : one out of ten
from : ten miles out of Seoul
4. °ü°èºÎ»ç »ý·« °¡´É
time when( that)
place where (that)
reason why (that)
way that (that)
5. Àǹ̻ó ÁÖ¾î
to ºÎÁ¤»ç
5-1 ¸ñÀû¾î - I want to go.
- I want you to go
5-2 for - I want something to read
- I want something for him to read
5-3 of - It is kind to do so
- It is kind of you to do so
µ¿¸í»ç
George¡¯s visiting surprises us
ºÐ»ç
Bacteria reproduce by cell division, each of the daughter cells beginning as a distinct organism.
6.make O(¸ñ) O.C(º¸)
make O(¸ñ) O.C(º¸)
O.C(º¸) - 1) ¸í»ç 2) Çü¿ë»ç 3) do 4) done * ly ºÎ»ç ºÒ°¡
O O.C ÀÚ¸® ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù(¸ñÀû¾î°¡ ¸í»ç·Î ±æ ¶§)
°¡¸ñÀû¾î it »ç¿ë ½Ã Áø¸ñÀû¾î 1)toºÎÁ¤»ç or 2)thatÀý
ex) The car's safety system make it impossible to watch television while driving
7. ½ÃÁ¡
from now on : Áö±ÝºÎÅÍ
early on : Ãʱ⿡
from then on : ±×¶§ ºÎÅÍ
8. effect
effect
-on : ~¿¡´ëÇÑ ¿µÇâ
-over : ~¿¡´ëÇÑ ¿µÇâ
9. µµÄ¡ 8°³
9-1. Among the symptoms of measles, which takes about twelve days to incubate, are a high fever, swelling of glands in the neck, coughing, and sensitivity to light.
9-2. Had it not been for Russian help, the sultan could have lost his throne.
if it had not been for ~ : ¸¸¾à ~ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´õ¶ó¸é
= [were, should]
9-3. Never before have I seen such an awful behavior.
9-4. Not until the next morning did she realize how serious it was.
9-5. Not until he received the letter did he fully understand the depth of her feelings.
9-6. Only by asking questions can you learn.
9-7. Only if it stops raining can you go on a picnic.
9-8. So ridiculous did she look that everybody burst out laughing.
10. Be to ¿ë¹ý
BE TO ¿ë¹ý
1. ¿¹Á¤ (~Çϱâ·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù. ~ÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù.)
ex) We are to meet at 6. ¿ì¸®´Â 6½Ã¿¡ ¸¸³ª±â·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù.
2. Àǹ«/¸í·É (~ÇÒ Àǹ«°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ~ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
ex) When am I to start? ¾ðÁ¦ Ãâ¹ß ÇØ¾ß Çմϱî?
3. °¡´É (~ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. *ÈçÈ÷ ºÎÁ¤¹®, "to be done"À» ¼ö¹ÝÇÔ)
ex) Not a soul was to be seen on the street. °Å¸®¿£ »ç¶÷Çϳª º¼ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
4. ¿î¸í (~ÇÒ ¿î¸íÀÌ´Ù. *ÈçÈ÷ °ú°Å½ÃÁ¦)
ex) He was never to see his home again. ±×´Â °íÇâ¿¡ ´Ù½Ã´Â ¸ø µ¹¾Æ°¥ ¿î¸íÀ̾ú´Ù.
5. ÇÊ¿ä (~ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é. ~Çؾ߸¸ ÇÑ´Ù¸é. *Á¶°ÇÀý¿¡¼)
ex) If I am to blame, ... ¸¸ÀÏ ³»°¡ ºñ³À» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é
11. to ºÎÁ¤»ç ºÎ»çÀû ¿ë¹ý
1. ¸ñÀû
He went to see his friend
Ä£±¸¸¦ º¸±â À§Çؼ ±×´Â °¬´Ù.
2. °á°ú
The boy grew up to be a fine youth
¼Ò³âÀº ÀÚ¶ó¼ ±× °á°ú °ÇÀåÇÑ ÀþÀºÀÌ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
** only to do, only thatµµ °°ÀÌ Çؼ®ÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù.
3. ÀÌÀ¯/ÆÇ´Ü
He must be crazy to talk like that.
±×´Â ±×·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ´Â°É º¸´Ï ¹ÌÄ£°Ô Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.
4. ¿øÀÎ
I rejoiced to hear of your recovery
±×´Â ±×ÀÇ È¸º¹ ¼Ò½ÄÀ» µé¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±â»¼´Ù.
5. Á¶°Ç/°¡Á¤
To tell the truth, the prospect isn't bright.
¼ÖÁ÷È÷ ¸»Çϸé, ±× Àü¸ÁÀº ¹àÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
12. of which
1) The room is spacious. + The room's door is closed.
= The room [whose door is closed] is spacious.
=(the room's) ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý°ú Áߺ¹ »ç¿ë ºÒ°¡
= The room [(of which)] the door is closed] is spacious.
= The room [the door (of which) is closed] is spacious.
2) There are many books in our school library. + I'm quite interested in two of many books
= There are many books in our school library and I'm quite interested in two of them.
= There are many books in our school library, two of which I'm quite interested in.
13. as °ü°è ´ë¸í»ç
ÁÖ°Ý
She was late, as is often the case with her.
±×³à´Â ´Ê¾ú´Ù. ÈçÈ÷ ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÀÌÁö¸¸,
As may be expected, it is very expensive.
±â´ë´ë·Î, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ºñ½Î´Ù.
¸ñÀû°Ý
He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.
±×ÀÇ ¸»Åõ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾È°ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, ±×´Â ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ À̾ú´Ù.
14. Highlight ¹®Á¦ Ǫ´Â ¹ý
1. Á¤º¸¸¦ ³ª´«´Ù (Áö¹®)
2. Á¤º¸¸¦ ¼ö·ÅÇÑ´Ù (¹®Á¦)
15. insert ¹®Á¦ Ǫ´Â ¹ý
1. ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®ÀåÀ» Àд´Ù. (ÀÌÇØ)
2. reference¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. Ex) this, these, that, those, both of which ¡¦
3. transitional word ã´Â´Ù. Ex) however, therefore, in fact, for example ¡¦
4. µ¢¾î¸®°¡ ¾ÕÀÌ´Ù. (¿µ¾î´Â °á·Ð ¸ÕÀú ³ª¿À´Ï±î Å« ÁÖÁ¦°¡ ¸ÕÀú)
5. ³¢¿ö³Ö°í µÚ¿¡ reference ¿Í ¿¬°áÇغ»´Ù. (¾Õ µÚ ¹®¸Æ È®ÀÎ)
16. * ¸®µù ¿À´äÀ¯Çü *
1) NM = not mentioned = ¾ð±ÞX
2) OF = opposite fact = ¹Ý´ë»ç½Ç
3) IR = irrelevant = ¿¬°ü¼º ¾øÀ½
4) TS = too specific = ¡°³Ê¹«¡± ±¸Ã¼Àû Á¤º¸
Ex) only, all, ºñ±³±Þ, ¿ø±Þ, ÃÖ»ó±Þ
±ÛÀÚ¼ö: 2040.5ÀÚ
|