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ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 17-06-10 18:24
[Inter] <Seventeen- Century European Economic Growth>
 ±Û¾´ÀÌ : ÃÖÀº°æ (121.¢½.113.107)
Á¶È¸ : 1,309   Ãßõ : 0  
   http:// https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPHTmGjoe2k [265]
<Seventeen- Century European Economic Growth>
<1>
into the seventeenth  >¡¡into = until 
lift A out of B :¡¡A¸¦ B¿¡¼­ µé¾î¿Ã¸®´Ù
Prosperous :¡¡¹ø¿µÇÏ´Â
#¶ÇÄ¡ ¶ÇÄ¡
Among µµÄ¡!!!! ÁÖ¾î µ¿»ç Á¤È®È÷ ã¾Æ¶ó!!  # S be > be S
( Only , not until ,barely ,hardly, seldom. scarcely, rarely, very little )

1.S eat > do  S eat      (µ¿  ÁÖ  µ¿ ! )
  S eats > does S eat
  S ate ¡¡£¾did S eat 
2.S be > be S
  S Á¶ be > Á¶ S be
3.S Á¶ V £¾¡¡Á¶ S V
4.S be have done
> be have S done

<2>
unless = If not
>¸¸ÀÏ can not + ( unless Á¶°ÇÀý¡¡) >¡¡ÀÌÁߺÎÁ¤ ±àÁ¤ !  = can + If 
¸¸¾à ~ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é> ~ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù
= ¸¸¾à ~À̶ó¸é >¡¡¢¦ÀÌ´Ù
 ¿øÀΰá°ú  Á¦´ë·Î ÆÄ¾ÇÇÏ°í °¡ÀÚ !
* I cannot concentrate unless I have enough sleep
  If >enough sleep > concentrate

population :¡¡»ç¶÷ - Àα¸ , »ç¹° - °³Ã¼
bring A into B  :¡¡A¸¦ ¾î¶°ÇÑ »óÅ·Π¸¸µé´Ù
at the expense of :¡¡~ÀÇ ´ë°¡·Î, ~À» Èñ»õÇϸç
fen :¡¡´ËÁö
=wetland
=swamp
=marshland
reclamation  :¡¡°£Ã´
>recover, restore
spectacular :¡¡º¼¸¸ÇÑ,
=remarkable
alone    : ¿©±â¿¡¼­¸¸ ! °­Á¶ÇÏ·Á°í ³ÖÀº°ÅÀÓ

<3>
potential for :¡¡¢¦´ëÇÑ ÀáÀ缺
much/many/one/any + of + the +N
NÁß¿¡ ¸¹Àº ºÎºÐ(¾ç)/ ¸¹Àº (¼ýÀÚ)/ Çϳª/ ¾î¶²°ÍÀ̶óµµ

*Much of ºÒ °¡»ê ´Ü¼ö¸í»ç +¡¡´Ü¼ö µ¿»ç
 
lay in  :¡¡¢¦¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù
at first glance : ¾ð¶æ º¸±â¿¡´Â

to ºÎÁ¤»ç¿¡µµ > µ¿»çÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦°¡ Ç¥Çö µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½.
regions (of relatively advanced agricultural production)
of >~À» °¡Áø  Áö¿ª 
*ÀüÄ¡»ç ±¸´Â Çü¿ë»ç¿ªÇÒ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù  !
 book of interest = interesting book

<A »Ó ¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó B > ±×¸¸ Çò°¥¸®ÀÚ Á¦¹ß
not only A but also B
not merely A but also B
not just A but also B
not simply A but also B
not only A but B
not only A , B
not only A ; B
B as well as A
 
# ºÎÁ¤¾î±¸¶ó  ¶ÇÄ¡ µµ ÀϾ
She loves not only comet , ´öT
=Not only does she love comet , ´öT

permit ¡¡£º¡¡Çã°¡ÇÏ´Ù
= allow
= authorize
surplus ¡¡¡¡:¡¡À׿© , ³ª¸ÓÁö ,ÈæÀÚ
have access to   :¡¡¢¦¿¡ Á¢±Ù ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù

<£´£¾
In turn : °á±¹
In return (for something)
~´ëÇÑ ´ä·Ê·Î ~ º¸´äÀ¸·Î
facilitate : ¿ëÀÌ ÇϰÔÇÏ´Ù

intrinsic    :¡¡º»ÁúÀûÀÎ, °íÀ¯ÀÇ - innate, inherent
> essential
utilize      :  Ȱ¿ëÇÏ´Ù , ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Ù
cottage    :¡¡ÀÛÀº Áý = (in home)
take advantage of :¡¡~À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Ù , ~ÀÇ ÀÌÁ¡À» ÃëÇÏ´Ù
=exploit    >¡¡ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Ù , ÂøÃëÇÏ´Ù - Á» °­¾ÐÀû
state    :¡¡±¹°¡ , »óÅÂ , ÁÖ
ravages  :¡¡ÆÄ±« , ȲÆó
spin or weave : Àã°í , Â¥´Ù
remuneration  :¡¡º¸¼ö
in an attempt to do :¡¡¢¦ÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ·Î
meager    : ºó¾àÇÑ (poor)  ¾ßÀ© (thin)¡¡ºÒÃæºÐÇÑ (scanty)

<5>
generate  :¡¡¹ß»ý½ÃŰ´Ù
= occur
= take place

Only - °­Á¶ !!
marshal  :¡¡Á¤·Ä½ÃŰ´Ù. ÁýÇÕ½ÃŰ´Ù
=gather
require  -ing
S (»ç¹°) need, require, want + ing
= S (»ç¹°) need, require, want £« to be p.p
>ing ÀÇ¹Ì >ÇüÅ´ ´Éµ¿À̳ª Àǹ̴ ¼öµ¿

<6>
bill of exchange  : ȯ¾îÀ½
In place of  : ´ë½Å¿¡
= instead of
third parties :¡¡Á¦»ïÀÚ
At mid- century  :¡¡¼¼´ëÀÇ Áß°£¿¡ > Áß¼¼½Ã´ë Àý´ë¾Æ´Ô

*no more A that B >¡¡A °¡¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀº B °¡ ¾Æ´Ñ °Í °ú °°´Ù
" One can no more trade without bills of exchange than sail without water "
go to n :¡¡~¿¡°Ô °¡´Ù
guilders > µ¿°Ý È®ÀÎ ÀßÇØ¶ó ..ÀÌ»óÇÏ°Ô ÇØ¼®ÇÏÁö ¸»°í ..
pay A B ¡¡¡¡¡¡£º¡¡A ¿¡°Ô B¸¦ ÁöºÒÇÏ´Ù
> give A B

<7>
as :¢¦ÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó¼­
loan :¡¡´ëÃâ
such A as B  :  A >Å« Ä«Å×°í¸® B >ÀÛÀº Ä«Å×°í¸® 
= B ¿Í °°Àº A

<8>

benefit from  : ~ºÎÅÍ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¾ò´Ù
benefit    : ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÁÖ´Ù
*feed on £º¸Ô°í»ì´Ù
 feed  :¸ÔÀÌ´Ù

infusion  :¡¡À¯ÀÔ
= immersion
stem from :¡¡¢¦¿¡¼­ ±âÀÎÇÏ´Ù
=derive from
=hail from
=emerge from

finance  :¡¡¢¦¿¡ ÀÚ±ÝÀ» °ø±ÞÇÏ´Ù
= give money
= invest

joint- stock  :¡¡ÇÕÀÚ , °øµ¿ ÃâÀÚ ,
undertake    :¡¡Âø¼öÇÏ´Ù
undertaking  :¡¡»ç¾÷ ,ÀÏ ,
permanent  :¡¡¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ
funding      :¡¡ÀÚ±Ý Á¦°ø ,ÀÚ±Ý
draw on N  :¡¡¢¦¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÏ´Ù
=rely on

# mention ¹®Á¦  ¾Õ+º» +µÚ
3¹®Àå º¸°í ÆÄ¾Ç ÇÑ´Ù !
often > ºóµµºÎ»ç  >º»¹®¿¡ ¾øÀ¸¸é ¾È ³ª¿Â´Ù Á¶½ÉÇØ!!


±ÛÀÚ¼ö: 1815.5ÀÚ

 
 

Total 531
¹øÈ£ Á¦   ¸ñ ±Û¾´ÀÌ ³¯Â¥ Á¶È¸ Ãßõ
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   11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20    
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