1. 비교 that/those [대명사]
His dress is that of a gentleman
but his manners are those of a clown.
2. time
at one time : 한 때
at the time 그 당시에
at times : 때때로
at a time 한번에
at once : 즉시
3. out of
out : out of reach
of : one out of ten
from : ten miles out of Seoul
4. 관계부사 생략 가능
time when( that)
place where (that)
reason why (that)
way that (that)
5. 의미상 주어
to 부정사
5-1 목적어 - I want to go.
- I want you to go
5-2 for - I want something to read
- I want something for him to read
5-3 of - It is kind to do so
- It is kind of you to do so
동명사
George’s visiting surprises us
분사
Bacteria reproduce by cell division, each of the daughter cells beginning as a distinct organism.
6.make O(목) O.C(보)
make O(목) O.C(보)
O.C(보) - 1) 명사 2) 형용사 3) do 4) done * ly 부사 불가
O O.C 자리 바꿀 수 있다(목적어가 명사로 길 때)
가목적어 it 사용 시 진목적어 1)to부정사 or 2)that절
ex) The car's safety system make it impossible to watch television while driving
7. 시점
from now on : 지금부터
early on : 초기에
from then on : 그때 부터
8. effect
effect
-on : ~에대한 영향
-over : ~에대한 영향
9. 도치 8개
9-1. Among the symptoms of measles, which takes about twelve days to incubate, are a high fever, swelling of glands in the neck, coughing, and sensitivity to light.
9-2. Had it not been for Russian help, the sultan could have lost his throne.
if it had not been for ~ : 만약 ~이 없었더라면
= [were, should]
9-3. Never before have I seen such an awful behavior.
9-4. Not until the next morning did she realize how serious it was.
9-5. Not until he received the letter did he fully understand the depth of her feelings.
9-6. Only by asking questions can you learn.
9-7. Only if it stops raining can you go on a picnic.
9-8. So ridiculous did she look that everybody burst out laughing.
10. Be to 용법
BE TO 용법
1. 예정 (~하기로 되어있다. ~할 예정이다.)
ex) We are to meet at 6. 우리는 6시에 만나기로 되어있다.
2. 의무/명령 (~할 의무가 있다. ~하여야 한다.)
ex) When am I to start? 언제 출발 해야 합니까?
3. 가능 (~할 수 있다. *흔히 부정문, "to be done"을 수반함)
ex) Not a soul was to be seen on the street. 거리엔 사람하나 볼 수 없었다.
4. 운명 (~할 운명이다. *흔히 과거시제)
ex) He was never to see his home again. 그는 고향에 다시는 못 돌아갈 운명이었다.
5. 필요 (~하는 것이 필요하다면. ~해야만 한다면. *조건절에서)
ex) If I am to blame, ... 만일 내가 비난을 받아야 한다면
11. to 부정사 부사적 용법
1. 목적
He went to see his friend
친구를 보기 위해서 그는 갔다.
2. 결과
The boy grew up to be a fine youth
소년은 자라서 그 결과 건장한 젊은이가 되었다.
** only to do, only that도 같이 해석하면 됩니다.
3. 이유/판단
He must be crazy to talk like that.
그는 그렇게 말하는걸 보니 미친게 틀림없다.
4. 원인
I rejoiced to hear of your recovery
그는 그의 회복 소식을 들었기 때문에 기뻤다.
5. 조건/가정
To tell the truth, the prospect isn't bright.
솔직히 말하면, 그 전망은 밝지 않다.
12. of which
1) The room is spacious. + The room's door is closed.
= The room [whose door is closed] is spacious.
=(the room's) 소유격과 중복 사용 불가
= The room [(of which)] the door is closed] is spacious.
= The room [the door (of which) is closed] is spacious.
2) There are many books in our school library. + I'm quite interested in two of many books
= There are many books in our school library and I'm quite interested in two of them.
= There are many books in our school library, two of which I'm quite interested in.
13. as 관계 대명사
주격
She was late, as is often the case with her.
그녀는 늦었다. 흔히 있는 일이지만,
As may be expected, it is very expensive.
기대대로, 이것은 비싸다.
목적격
He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.
그의 말투로부터 안것이지만, 그는 외국인 이었다.
14. Highlight 문제 푸는 법
1. 정보를 나눈다 (지문)
2. 정보를 수렴한다 (문제)
15. insert 문제 푸는 법
1. 주어진 문장을 읽는다. (이해)
2. reference를 찾는다. Ex) this, these, that, those, both of which …
3. transitional word 찾는다. Ex) however, therefore, in fact, for example …
4. 덩어리가 앞이다. (영어는 결론 먼저 나오니까 큰 주제가 먼저)
5. 끼워넣고 뒤에 reference 와 연결해본다. (앞 뒤 문맥 확인)
16. * 리딩 오답유형 *
1) NM = not mentioned = 언급X
2) OF = opposite fact = 반대사실
3) IR = irrelevant = 연관성 없음
4) TS = too specific = “너무” 구체적 정보
Ex) only, all, 비교급, 원급, 최상급
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